Alaa Amer

Lesson 6: PHP Math

PHP offers a powerful set of built-in math functions. Whether you're building a tax calculator or analyzing statistical data, PHP math functions help you achieve precise and efficient results.

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1. Basic Math Functions in PHP

abs(): Absolute Value

This function returns the absolute value of a number.

echo abs(-10); // Output: 10

round(): Rounding Numbers

Use this to round decimal numbers to the nearest integer.

echo round(3.7); // Output: 4

ceil() and floor(): Round Up and Down

• ceil() always rounds up

• floor() always rounds down

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2. Advanced Math Functions

pow(): Exponents

Use it to calculate the power of a number.

echo pow(2, 3); // Output: 8

sqrt(): Square Root

Returns the square root of a number.

echo sqrt(16); // Output: 4

fmod(): Modulus

Returns the remainder of a division.

echo fmod(20, 6); // Output: 2

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3. Random Functions

rand() and mt_rand()

These generate random numbers within a range.

echo rand(1, 100);

mt_rand() is faster and more statistically reliable.

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4. Logarithmic and Trigonometric Functions

log(): Natural Logarithm

sin(), cos(), tan(): Trigonometric Functions

echo sin(deg2rad(30)); // Approximate result

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Why PHP Math Functions Matter

Math plays a major role in application development. From data processing to graphics manipulation, these functions help you build solid and optimized logic.

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Conclusion

PHP provides a comprehensive set of math functions for nearly every scenario. Mastering them can improve your code’s performance and simplify complex operations.

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