Deployment & DevOps: Laravel Production Deployment Mastery

Deployment & DevOps: Laravel Production Deployment Mastery

Deployment & DevOps: Laravel Production Deployment Mastery

Expert Guide by Alaa Amer – Professional Web Developer & Applications Designer

Master Laravel deployment and DevOps practices for production environments. Learn CI/CD, containerization, monitoring, scaling strategies, and enterprise-level infrastructure management.

Docker Compose for Production:

# docker-compose.prod.yml
version: "3.8"

services:
  app:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
      target: production
    image: laravel-app:latest
    restart: unless-stopped
    environment:
      - APP_ENV=production
      - APP_DEBUG=false
    volumes:
      - ./storage:/var/www/html/storage
      - ./bootstrap/cache:/var/www/html/bootstrap/cache
    networks:
      - laravel-network
    depends_on:
      - database
      - redis
    deploy:
      replicas: 3
      resources:
        limits:
          cpus: "1"
          memory: 512M
        reservations:
          cpus: "0.5"
          memory: 256M

  nginx:
    image: nginx:alpine
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
    volumes:
      - ./docker/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
      - ./docker/nginx/ssl:/etc/ssl/certs
      - ./storage/app/public:/var/www/html/storage/app/public
    networks:
      - laravel-network
    depends_on:
      - app

  database:
    image: mysql:8.0
    restart: unless-stopped
    environment:
      MYSQL_DATABASE: ${DB_DATABASE}
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: ${DB_PASSWORD}
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: ${DB_PASSWORD}
      MYSQL_USER: ${DB_USERNAME}
    volumes:
      - db-data:/var/lib/mysql
      - ./docker/mysql/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/conf.d/custom.cnf
    networks:
      - laravel-network
    command: --innodb-buffer-pool-size=1G --innodb-log-file-size=256M

  redis:
    image: redis:7-alpine
    restart: unless-stopped
    volumes:
      - redis-data:/data
      - ./docker/redis/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf
    networks:
      - laravel-network
    command: redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf

  queue-worker:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
      target: production
    restart: unless-stopped
    command: php artisan queue:work redis --sleep=3 --tries=3 --max-time=3600
    volumes:
      - ./storage:/var/www/html/storage
    networks:
      - laravel-network
    depends_on:
      - database
      - redis
    deploy:
      replicas: 3

  scheduler:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
      target: production
    restart: unless-stopped
    command: php artisan schedule:work
    volumes:
      - ./storage:/var/www/html/storage
    networks:
      - laravel-network
    depends_on:
      - database
      - redis

volumes:
  db-data:
  redis-data:

networks:
  laravel-network:
    driver: bridge

4️⃣ Monitoring & Observability

Application Monitoring Setup:

<?php
// app/Http/Middleware/ApplicationMonitoring.php
namespace App\Http\Middleware;

use Closure;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\{Log, Cache, DB};
use Prometheus\CollectorRegistry;
use Prometheus\Storage\Redis;

class ApplicationMonitoring
{
    protected $registry;

    public function __construct()
    {
        $this->registry = new CollectorRegistry(new Redis());
    }

    public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next)
    {
        $startTime = microtime(true);

        $response = $next($request);

        $duration = microtime(true) - $startTime;

        // Record metrics
        $this->recordMetrics($request, $response, $duration);

        return $response;
    }

    protected function recordMetrics(Request $request, $response, float $duration): void
    {
        // HTTP request duration
        $histogram = $this->registry->getOrRegisterHistogram(
            'laravel_app',
            'http_request_duration_seconds',
            'HTTP request duration in seconds',
            ['method', 'route', 'status_code'],
            [0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0]
        );

        $histogram->observe(
            $duration,
            [
                $request->method(),
                $request->route()?->getName() ?? 'unknown',
                (string) $response->getStatusCode()
            ]
        );

        // HTTP request count
        $counter = $this->registry->getOrRegisterCounter(
            'laravel_app',
            'http_requests_total',
            'Total number of HTTP requests',
            ['method', 'status_code']
        );

        $counter->inc([
            $request->method(),
            (string) $response->getStatusCode()
        ]);

        // Database query count
        if (DB::getQueryLog()) {
            $queryGauge = $this->registry->getOrRegisterGauge(
                'laravel_app',
                'database_queries_per_request',
                'Number of database queries per request'
            );

            $queryGauge->set(count(DB::getQueryLog()));
        }

        // Memory usage
        $memoryGauge = $this->registry->getOrRegisterGauge(
            'laravel_app',
            'memory_usage_bytes',
            'Memory usage in bytes'
        );

        $memoryGauge->set(memory_get_peak_usage(true));
    }
}

// app/Console/Commands/MonitorSystem.php
namespace App\Console\Commands;

use Illuminate\Console\Command;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\{DB, Cache, Queue};

class MonitorSystem extends Command
{
    protected $signature = 'monitor:system';
    protected $description = 'Monitor system health and send alerts';

    public function handle(): void
    {
        $this->info('Running system monitoring...');

        $checks = [
            'database' => $this->checkDatabase(),
            'cache' => $this->checkCache(),
            'queue' => $this->checkQueue(),
            'storage' => $this->checkStorage(),
            'memory' => $this->checkMemory(),
            'logs' => $this->checkLogs()
        ];

        $failures = array_filter($checks, fn($status) => !$status);

        if (!empty($failures)) {
            $this->sendAlert($failures);
            $this->error('System health check failed: ' . implode(', ', array_keys($failures)));
        } else {
            $this->info('All system checks passed');
        }

        $this->recordHealthMetrics($checks);
    }

    protected function checkDatabase(): bool
    {
        try {
            DB::select('SELECT 1');

            // Check slow queries
            $slowQueries = DB::select("
                SELECT COUNT(*) as slow_count
                FROM information_schema.processlist
                WHERE command != 'Sleep' AND time > 30
            ");

            return $slowQueries[0]->slow_count < 5;
        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            Log::error('Database health check failed', ['error' => $e->getMessage()]);
            return false;
        }
    }

    protected function checkCache(): bool
    {
        try {
            $testKey = 'health_check_' . time();
            Cache::put($testKey, 'test', 60);
            $result = Cache::get($testKey);
            Cache::forget($testKey);

            return $result === 'test';
        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            Log::error('Cache health check failed', ['error' => $e->getMessage()]);
            return false;
        }
    }

    protected function checkQueue(): bool
    {
        try {
            // Check queue sizes
            $queueSizes = [
                'default' => Queue::size('default'),
                'high' => Queue::size('high'),
                'emails' => Queue::size('emails')
            ];

            // Alert if any queue has too many jobs
            return !collect($queueSizes)->contains(fn($size) => $size > 1000);
        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            Log::error('Queue health check failed', ['error' => $e->getMessage()]);
            return false;
        }
    }

    protected function checkStorage(): bool
    {
        $storagePath = storage_path();
        $freeSpace = disk_free_space($storagePath);
        $totalSpace = disk_total_space($storagePath);

        $usagePercent = (($totalSpace - $freeSpace) / $totalSpace) * 100;

        return $usagePercent < 90; // Alert if usage > 90%
    }

    protected function checkMemory(): bool
    {
        $memoryUsage = memory_get_usage(true);
        $memoryLimit = $this->parseMemoryLimit(ini_get('memory_limit'));

        $usagePercent = ($memoryUsage / $memoryLimit) * 100;

        return $usagePercent < 90;
    }

    protected function checkLogs(): bool
    {
        $logPath = storage_path('logs/laravel.log');

        if (!file_exists($logPath)) {
            return true;
        }

        // Check for recent errors
        $recentErrors = shell_exec("grep -c 'ERROR' $logPath | tail -1000");

        return intval($recentErrors) < 50; // Alert if > 50 errors in last 1000 lines
    }

    protected function parseMemoryLimit(string $limit): int
    {
        $limit = trim($limit);
        $last = strtolower($limit[strlen($limit) - 1]);
        $limit = (int) $limit;

        switch ($last) {
            case 'g': $limit *= 1024 * 1024 * 1024; break;
            case 'm': $limit *= 1024 * 1024; break;
            case 'k': $limit *= 1024; break;
        }

        return $limit;
    }

    protected function sendAlert(array $failures): void
    {
        // Send to monitoring service (Slack, PagerDuty, etc.)
        Log::critical('System health check failures detected', $failures);

        // You could integrate with external services here
        // Notification::route('slack', '#alerts')->notify(new SystemHealthAlert($failures));
    }

    protected function recordHealthMetrics(array $checks): void
    {
        foreach ($checks as $service => $status) {
            Cache::put("health_check:{$service}", $status ? 1 : 0, 300);
        }
    }
}

Grafana Dashboard Configuration:

{
  "dashboard": {
    "title": "Laravel Application Metrics",
    "panels": [
      {
        "title": "Request Rate",
        "type": "graph",
        "targets": [
          {
            "expr": "rate(laravel_app_http_requests_total[5m])",
            "legendFormat": "{{method}} {{status_code}}"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "title": "Response Time",
        "type": "graph",
        "targets": [
          {
            "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, rate(laravel_app_http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[5m]))",
            "legendFormat": "95th percentile"
          },
          {
            "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.50, rate(laravel_app_http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[5m]))",
            "legendFormat": "50th percentile"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "title": "Database Queries",
        "type": "graph",
        "targets": [
          {
            "expr": "avg(laravel_app_database_queries_per_request)",
            "legendFormat": "Avg queries per request"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "title": "Memory Usage",
        "type": "graph",
        "targets": [
          {
            "expr": "laravel_app_memory_usage_bytes",
            "legendFormat": "Memory usage"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}

Production Deployment Checklist

✅ Security Configuration

• SSL certificates installed
• Security headers configured
• Firewall rules applied
• Database credentials secured

✅ Performance Optimization

• Opcache enabled
• Asset compression configured
• CDN integration completed
• Database indexes optimized

✅ Monitoring Setup

• Application monitoring configured
• Error tracking enabled
• Log aggregation implemented
• Alert notifications configured

✅ Backup Strategy

• Database backup automated
• File backup configured
• Backup restoration tested
• Offsite backup storage

✅ High Availability

• Load balancer configured
• Multiple application instances
• Database replication setup
• Queue workers running

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